大学生思想政治教育中的“沉默螺旋”现象

"沉默的螺旋"理论是20世纪70年代德国社会学家诺尔诺依曼基于历史和传播的角度提出的关于舆论形成的理论假设,是现今学界研究受众反应的经典理论之一。本文就沉默螺旋理论在当代大学生思政传播中的存在性进行了论证,并分析了其对大学生思想政治教育可能产生的影响,结合实际,探讨了降低其负面影响的对策。     

边疆多民族地区大学生主流文化认同的调查与分析——以新疆高校为例

公本文从社会主义核心价值体系认同、执政党认同、理论认同、民族认同四个维度对大学生主流文化认同进行调查分析,结果显示,大学生主流文化认同总体是积极向上的,但也存在不平衡性和差异,主流文化认同面临严峻挑战。加强对大学生群体主流文化认同教育,引导大学生树立正确的国家观、民族观、文化观,对边疆多民族地区未来发展和国家安全十分重要。     

兵团高校大学生赴基层单位就业现状分析——以石河子大学为例

党的十八大和十八届三中全会提出"健全鼓励高校毕业生到基层工作的服务保障机制"的工作任务,基层就业成为大学生就业的重要渠道之一。为深入了解兵团高校大学生赴到兵团基层单位就业的状况,以石河子大学为个案,通过分析和梳理石河子大学毕业生到兵团基层就业情况及存在问题,尝试构建高校毕业生到兵团基层单位就业新机制,以期更好的为兵团基层发展提供智力支持和人才保障。     

MEO非共振轨道导航星座摄动补偿控制

针对我国新一代全球导航星座长期构型维持控制问题,提出了MEO星座构型状态描述方法,分析了主要摄动力和轨道参数偏差作用下的星座构型演化规律,结合实测数据对稳定性规律进行了验证;研究了参数偏置摄动补偿控制原理,提出了一种改进的解耦控制方案,分析了星座部署时间对摄动补偿控制量的影响规律,得到了一些有益的关键性结论,为我国全球导航系统的星座构型设计和运控策略制定奠定了基础。     

A novel gradient approach for optimal design and sensitivity analysis of EWMA control charts

Conventional control charts are often designed to optimize out‐of‐control average run length (ARL), while constraining in‐control ARL to a desired value. The widely employed grid search approach in statistical process control (SPC) is time‐consuming with unsatisfactory accuracy. Although the simulation‐based ARL gradient estimators proposed by Fu and Hu [Manag Sci 45 (1999), 395–413] can alleviate this issue, it still requires a large number of simulation runs to significantly reduce the variance of gradient estimators. This article proposes a novel ARL gradient estimation approach based on integral equation for efficient analysis and design of control charts. Although this article compares with the results of Fu and Hu [Manag Sci 45 (1999), 395–413] based on the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control chart, the proposed approach has wide applicability as it can generally fit into any control chart with Markovian property under any distributions. It is shown that the proposed method is able to provide a fast, accurate, and easy‐to‐implement algorithm for the design and analysis of EWMA charts, as compared to the simulation‐based gradient estimation method. Moreover, the proposed gradient estimation method facilitates the computation of high‐order derivatives that are valuable in sensitivity analysis. The code is written in Matlab, which is available on request. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 223–237, 2014     

对成像雷达的脉冲分段排序转发干扰

多假目标图像欺骗是目前宽带雷达干扰的难点。针对宽带雷达中常用的线性调频(Linear Frequency Modulated,LFM)信号,提出一种脉冲分段排序转发干扰方法。结合散射波信号模型,推导了合成干扰信号二维成像输出形式,讨论了假目标图像个数、分辨率与分段数以及转发次序之间的关系,并进行了仿真实验。结果表明该干扰方法可较便捷地产生多个沿距离向分布的假目标图像。结果对于成像雷达图像欺骗干扰具有理论指导意义。     

THO-MAC:一种两跳优化的低延迟低功耗无线传感器网络介质访问控制协议

功耗与延迟是无线传感器网络介质访问控制协议设计首要考虑的两个问题。提出了一种新的传感器网络低延迟、低功耗、接收节点初始化异步介质访问控制协议——THO-MAC协议。通过准确预测接收节点的唤醒时间,THO-MAC协议调度发送节点侦听信道,从而减少发送节点空闲侦听能量浪费。THOMAC协议在发送节点两跳转发节点集中选择使报文两跳转发延迟最小的转发节点,从而降低报文传输延迟。使用NS2模拟器对THO-MAC协议进行了详细模拟。模拟结果显示,与RI-MAC和Any-MAC协议相比,THOMAC协议可以减少35.5%和18%的报文传输延迟,同时节省23.5%和15.5%的节点功耗。     

A branch‐and‐price approach for the stochastic generalized assignment problem

In this article, we address a stochastic generalized assignment machine scheduling problem in which the processing times of jobs are assumed to be random variables. We develop a branch‐and‐price (B&P) approach for solving this problem wherein the pricing problem is separable with respect to each machine, and has the structure of a multidimensional knapsack problem. In addition, we explore two other extensions of this method—one that utilizes a dual‐stabilization technique and another that incorporates an advanced‐start procedure to obtain an initial feasible solution. We compare the performance of these methods with that of the branch‐and‐cut (B&C) method within CPLEX. Our results show that all B&P‐based approaches perform better than the B&C method, with the best performance obtained for the B&P procedure that includes both the extensions aforementioned. We also utilize a Monte Carlo method within the B&P scheme, which affords the use of a small subset of scenarios at a time to estimate the “true” optimal objective function value. Our experimental investigation reveals that this approach readily yields solutions lying within 5% of optimality, while providing more than a 10‐fold savings in CPU times in comparison with the best of the other proposed B&P procedures. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 131–143, 2014     

Japan as a Seapower: Strategy,Doctrine, and Capabilities under Three Defence Reviews, 1995–2010

Abstract

This article draws upon previously unavailable document materials to question views pointing to a degree of stagnation in Japanese maritime thinking. It similarly reviews claims about trends to compensate the decline of national military power with the build-up of projection capabilities. The article’s main argument is that Japanese seapower is not declining. The Japanese Navy is evolving to combine enhanced capabilities to retain sea control in the Sea of Japan and the East China Sea with extended operational reach and flexibility, including an expeditionary component to meet alliance and diplomatic commitments in East Asia and beyond its confines.     

舰艇编队防空过程建模及分析

防空作战是大型水面舰艇编队的主要作战样式之一。运用PEPA(性能评价过程代数)方法对舰艇编队防空作战全过程进行有效建模,形式化描述了预警探测、情报传递、命令下达、防空拦截等作战主要过程。建立的PEPA模型具有层次化结构,考虑了要素间相互协作,体现了编队防空作战分布、并发的特点。通过对建立的PEPA模型进行性能指标选择和稳定状态分析,得到了不同因素对编队能力发挥的影响情况,获得了防空作战的基本要素组成,从而提供了一种解决舰艇编队问题的新方法。